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This page was last updated:
02/25/10
What makes an
ordinary electric fence an
extra-ordinary high security device
There have been electric fences for the last 75
to 100 years. They have been used effectively all over the world to contain all
types of domestic livestock, from cattle and horses to wild deer and antelope.
They have also been effective in protecting crops from nuisance
animal pests of all types.
Most
of us that have lived in the country/provinces have had experience with electric
fences of one type or another. You jump over, or very carefully crawl
under the hot wire to cross the fence. This was/is not much of a security device
even though we wouldn't touch the hot wire for the most entrancing enticement.
Why?
The fence as described is design for effective cost management and primarily
designed to keep the livestock safely contained. Even a half-ton bull will stop
short of the "hot wire" ...
So now
we design a fence primarily to keep out humans that climb, that think, that cut
wires, that crawl under, that jump over, that short out the "hot wire"
and generally is more difficult to deal with.
We
know that the human trespasser is deathly afraid of touching the "hot
wire" and getting a nasty shock. So we lay out the fence so the human
cannot go over, under, or through the fence without getting badly shocked.
High
Voltage electric fences have only commonly been used for security applications
for the last 4 to 5 years.
There
are several main differences in design that make a standard electric fence
viable for human security.
1. The first difference is the spacing of the strands. 6 inches apart is
considered the most effective spacing. The bottom strand should be even closer
to the wall or footer, as close as 3 inches. The reasons for this are
self-explaining. Usually 2 meters high or 12 to 14 strands in sufficient. Higher
is better, but there is a diminishing return for much over 2 meters.
2. The bottom strand is almost always a "hot" strand, and then
alternating with grounded (good solid earth grounds) strands. In a security
fence you do not parallel the hot strands, but interconnected at the ends of the
fence so that, electrically, there is only one strand that is doubled back on
itself, and redoubled again if necessary.
It is best to make the fence
"look" as lethal as possible. 90% of the effectiveness is in the perception
of the intruder/trespasser. Please check out our picture
gallery for design ideas.
3. The biggest design difference is; by maintaining a single strand
(electrically) you feed the high voltage into one end and monitor the high
voltage at the far end of the strand. There by ensuring the "High
Voltage" is present all the time. If the high voltage is cut or shorted,
then the High Voltage Monitor will close a set of contacts to activate an alarm
of choice.
So if
the intruder cannot go over, or go under, or go through the fence without being
shocked, and the
intruder cannot short out the fence or cut the wires without setting off the
alarm. The fence is virtually almost impossible to penetrate.
However,
remember that there is no device that is 100% fool proof. Watching any James
Bond movie will show you that. The high voltage security fence will keep out
99.99% of the intruders, but there is always a way to beat the device. In extreme high security
installations, the security is done in layers. If the first layer is penetrated,
then hopefully, the 2nd, or 3rd, or the 4th layer or device will catch them.
We
will say, that a high voltage electric fence that is properly designed and
installed is the most cost effective security method available today.
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