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How
to design an effective Electric Security Fence.
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General
Description and Information
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Basic
Design Considerations
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Specific
Design Solutions
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Psychological
Impact
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Liability
Requirements and Troubleshooting
Typical wiring hookup and
installation
(click on picture
for expanded view) This
describes a 4 wire/strand extension above a standard concrete wall. The bottom
strand is stretched about 3 inches (7.5 cm) above the cement wall. The other
strands have approximate 6 inches (15 cm) spacing from each other. In this
design, the top strand is a grounded to provide a measure of "false
alarm" protection from falling foliage. All strands are insulated so the
grounded wires cannot be distinguished from the high voltage wires.
In this
installation, the grounded strands are connected together in a standard common
parallel fashion. This common ground includes three (3) 8 foot ground rods
driven at least 7 feet into the earth/ground. (LOC-12). An
absolute minimum of 2 grounds are always recommended to provide a good ground
over the length of your fence. Also connected
to this common ground are the output ground terminals of the fence
charger 220VAC to 12VDC (ASAT-02)
and the voltage monitor (ASAT-03).
The high voltage
strand is broken at the charger connection so the high voltage can only travel
in one direction. This bottom high voltage strand is then splice/connected to
the next upper high voltage wire at the far end end of the fence installation,
and the voltage is looped and travels back to the far left which is the other end of the fence
installation, and then connected to the lower high voltage strand and back to
the start for a connection with the high voltage
monitor.
This type of loop
connection of the high voltage strands insure that if the high voltage is cut or
shorted or lost in any manner, the high voltage monitor will provide an alarm.
So the voltage
leaves the fence charger; travels around the fence; connects to the next strand
and travels all the way back to the far end of the installation; and then back
to the beginning. It DOESN'T, however, connect back to the charger, but instead,
connects to the voltage monitor, as shown. This makes the high voltage a single
loop originating from the charger and traveling around and back to the
voltage monitor.
The monitor senses
the voltage and if the voltage is cut or shorted, then the "fail safe"
relay (which closes if the
battery fails also) in the monitor makes contact and sounds whatever alarm is connected to
it. It is a good idea to power the alarm siren to a separate battery or
12VDC power source.
This is the most
common installation, and this and variations of this design account for probably
80% of all installations.
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Beachfront
Installation
designed NOT to impede the view
We were faced with
the problem of intruders on a beach front property where there were constant
intrusions from the beach side of the property. The people did not want to close
off their view of the ocean, but needed the protection.
(click
on picture for expanded view)
 This
is a seven (7) strand extension over a 3 foot concrete sea wall. The concrete
portion is not high enough to obstruct the view of the ocean, but high enough to
keep the beach from encroaching
into the inner yard.
The concrete also keeps intruders from burrowing or digging
under the fence. The concrete portion also keeps most foliage from growing and
shorting out the high voltage.
As required, there
are an even number of high voltage strands so the high voltage can be looped and
made into a circuit where a single cut or short will register on the voltage
monitor (ASAT-03) (Please refer to
the above paragraph). All strands/wires are insulated for that "lethal
look" and are spaced approximately 6 inches (15 cm) apart. The bottom high
voltage strand is stretched at 3 inches (7.5 cm) above the concrete wall.
This style of
installation is very successful in eliminating traffic onto private
property from the beach or water and is hardly visible when viewing the ocean or
the beach.
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Extreme High
Security Installation
Addition to Chain-Link Fence
(click
on picture for expanded view)
 This
is a complete separate fence addition to a chain-link fence. The chain-link
fence, even with barbed wire at the top is easily climbed. The intruder can
easily cut the wire links comprising the chain link fence if climbing is not
feasible, especially to carry away large stolen items like AC units, TV's, and
even refrigerators, that would be hard to take over the top of the fence.
This type of
installation usually consists of 15 to 20 strands of electric fence. The
electric fence support poles are usually tied to the supporting posts of the
chain-link fence. A concrete footer or base is highly recommended so keep
intruders from digging under the fence proper. This little concrete footer also
keeps grass and weeds from growing and shorting the lower "high
voltage" strands.
The wiring is done
the same as the other installations. The number of "high voltage"
strands has to be an even number to allow looping of the "high
voltage" circuit for effective "high voltage" monitoring (ASAT-03)
(please refer to the top paragraph on this page).
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Secur ing
a Building
When the roof has
easy access from the ground.
(click
on picture for expanded view)
 Electric fences are
designed to create an electrical network when touched by a person or animal. A
component called a power energizer converts power into a brief high-voltage
pulse. One terminal of the power energizer releases the electrical pulse along a
connected bare wire about once per second. Another terminal is connected to a
metal rod implanted in the earth, called a ground
rod.
A person or animal (which
is mostly water and thus quite conductive) touching the wire and the earth/wall
simultaneously will complete an electrical circuit and will conduct the pulse,
causing an extremely painful electric shock. The effects of the electrical shock depend
upon the voltage and electrical current used, and can range from barely
noticeable, to painful, to lethal.
This type of
arrangement will secure any wall from climbers. The top strand is above the top
of the roof or wall so that a ladder, or length of bamboo will conduct the high
voltage pulse and will either shock the climber or sound the alarm through the
monitor or both.
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Installation with
a Corner Connection
(click on picture
for expanded view)
This system operates
on a very simple principle: Electricity will only travel through a closed
circuit. The fence wire, voltage
monitor and ground rods are three parts of a circuit waiting to be closed;
when an intruders touches the wire, he closes the gap, and a pulse of high
energy - high voltage will travel
through the intruder to close
the circuit and administer a painful shock to the intruder.
Once
the circuit is closed, the intruders will feel a shock that is guaranteed to
discourage them from touching the fence again.
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-
General
Description and Information
-
Basic
Design Considerations
-
Specific
Design Solutions
-
Psychological
Impact
-
Liability
Requirements and Troubleshooting
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Mandaue City, Cebu Philippines
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